P51W5-6 Costimulatory molecules in immune responses to intestinal nematodes in rat

Immune responses: Costimulatory receptors have their say

Lymphocytes are more likely to make an immune response if costimulatory and antigen receptors coincidently signal; the way the signals are integrated illustrates how a lymphocyte learns to distinguish self from foreign antigens, and provides a model for coincident signaling through more than one receptor.

Targeting Costimulatory Molecules to Improve Antitumor Immunity

The full activation of T cells necessitates the concomitant activation of two signals, the engagement of T-cell receptor by peptide/major histocompatibility complex II and an additional signal delivered by costimulatory molecules. The best characterized costimulatory molecules belong to B7/CD28 and TNF/TNFR families and play crucial roles in the modulation of immune response and improvement of ...

Molecules in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Autoantibodies to T Cell Costimulatory

Intestinal Microsporidiosis in Iran (Kerman): Comparison in immune-compromised patients and immune competent people with diarrhea

Background and Purpose: Gastroenteritis and the clinical profile caused by Microsporidia, an opportunistic pathogen, may be severe in immunocompromised individuals, especially in AIDS patients. Conventionally, it is necessary to detect the small infective spores in stained smears. However, due to the limitations of the microscopy-based methods, several DNA-based methods such as polymerase cha...

Immune Responses to Antigens of in vitro Reared Echinococcus granulosus Adult Worms in Balb/c Mice

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also known as echinococcosis/hydatidosis, is one of the most important parasitic diseases in the world. It enhances both humoral and cellular (Th1 and Th2) responses in infected host. Different antigens of the worm may favor the Th1 or Th2 immune responses in CE patients. Objective: To evaluate the humoral and cellular immune responses of Balb/c mice agai...